Kumvetsetsa chidziwitso cha maginito
2022-01-11
1. Chifukwa chiyani maginito ndi maginito?
Zinthu zambiri zimapangidwa ndi mamolekyu omwe amapangidwa ndi ma atomu omwe nawonso amapangidwa ndi ma nuclei ndi ma electron. Mkati mwa atomu, ma elekitironi amazungulira ndi kuzungulira phata, zomwe zimapanga maginito. Koma muzinthu zambiri, ma elekitironi amayenda m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo maginito amathetsa. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zambiri siziwonetsa maginito pansi pamikhalidwe yabwinobwino.
Mosiyana ndi zida za ferromagnetic monga chitsulo, cobalt, faifi tambala kapena ferrite, ma electron spins amkati amatha kufola m'malo ang'onoang'ono, ndikupanga dera lodzidzimutsa lamagetsi lotchedwa magnetic domain. Zida za ferromagnetic zikapangidwa ndi maginito, maginito ake amkati amalumikizana bwino komanso mbali imodzi, kulimbitsa maginito ndikupanga maginito. Njira ya magnetization ya maginito ndi njira ya magnetization yachitsulo. Chitsulo maginito ndi maginito zosiyanasiyana polarity kukopa, ndi chitsulo mwamphamvu "anamamatira" pamodzi ndi maginito.
2. Kodi maginito amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Pali magawo atatu a magwiridwe antchito kuti muwone momwe maginito amagwirira ntchito:
Remanent Br: Maginito okhazikika akapangidwa ndi maginito kuti achuluke komanso maginito akunja achotsedwa, Br yosungidwayo imatchedwa residual magnetic induction intensity.
Coercivity Hc: Kuchepetsa B wa maginito okhazikika opangidwa ndi maginito mpaka kuchulukira kwaukadaulo mpaka ziro, kulimba kwa maginito komwe kumafunikira kumatchedwa maginito coercivity, kapena kukakamiza mwachidule.
Mphamvu ya maginito BH: imayimira mphamvu yamaginito yomwe imakhazikitsidwa ndi maginito mumlengalenga (danga lomwe lili pakati pa mitengo iwiri ya maginito ya maginito), yomwe ndi mphamvu ya maginito pamlingo wa voliyumu ya mpweya.
3. Kodi m'magulu zitsulo maginito zipangizo?
Zida zamaginito zachitsulo zimagawidwa kukhala zida zokhazikika zamaginito ndi zida zofewa zamaginito. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi zokulirapo kuposa 0.8kA/m zimatchedwa zokhazikika maginito, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi zosakwana 0.8kA/m zimatchedwa zofewa maginito.
4. Kuyerekeza mphamvu ya maginito yamitundu ingapo ya maginito omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
Mphamvu ya maginito kuchokera kumagulu akulu mpaka ang'onoang'ono: maginito a Ndfeb, maginito a cobalt samarium, maginito a nickel cobalt, maginito a ferrite.
5. Kugonana valence fanizo la zipangizo zosiyanasiyana maginito?
Ferrite: magwiridwe antchito otsika ndi apakatikati, mtengo wotsika kwambiri, mawonekedwe abwino a kutentha, kukana kwa dzimbiri, chiŵerengero cha mtengo wabwino
Ndfeb: ntchito yapamwamba kwambiri, mtengo wapakatikati, mphamvu yabwino, yosagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi dzimbiri
Samarium cobalt: magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri, wosasunthika, mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a kutentha, kukana kwa dzimbiri
Aluminiyamu faifi tambala cobalt: ntchito otsika ndi sing'anga, mtengo wapakatikati, kwambiri kutentha makhalidwe, dzimbiri kukana, osauka kusokoneza kukana
Samarium cobalt, ferrite, Ndfeb zitha kupangidwa ndi sintering ndi njira yolumikizira. The sintering maginito katundu ndi mkulu, kupanga ndi osauka, ndi kugwirizana maginito ndi zabwino ndi ntchito yachepa kwambiri. AlNiCo ikhoza kupangidwa ndi kuponyera ndi njira za sintering, maginito oponyera ali ndi katundu wapamwamba komanso mawonekedwe abwino, ndi maginito a sintered ali ndi katundu wotsika komanso mawonekedwe abwino.
6. Makhalidwe a Ndfeb maginito
Ndfeb okhazikika maginito zakuthupi ndi okhazikika maginito zakuthupi zochokera intermetallic pawiri Nd2Fe14B. Ndfeb ali mkulu kwambiri maginito mphamvu mankhwala ndi mphamvu, ndi ubwino mkulu kachulukidwe mphamvu kupanga ndFEB okhazikika maginito chuma chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makampani amakono ndi luso lamagetsi, kuti zida, Motors electroacoustic, maginito kupatukana magnetization zida miniaturization, kulemera kuwala, woonda kukhala zotheka.
Zinthu zakuthupi: Ndfeb ali ndi ubwino wa ntchito mtengo mkulu, ndi makhalidwe abwino makina; Choyipa chake ndi chakuti kutentha kwa Curie ndikotsika, kutentha kumakhala kosauka, ndipo ndikosavuta kuwononga dzimbiri, choncho kuyenera kukonzedwa bwino posintha kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndikutengera chithandizo chapamtunda kuti chikwaniritse zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito.
Njira yopangira: Kupanga kwa Ndfeb pogwiritsa ntchito njira yazitsulo ya ufa.
Mayendedwe a ndondomeko: batching → kusungunula ingot → kupanga ufa → kukanikiza → sintering tempering → kuzindikira maginito → kugaya → kudula pini → electroplating → chotsirizidwa.
7. Kodi maginito ambali imodzi ndi chiyani?
Maginito ali mizati iwiri, koma ena ntchito udindo ayenera limodzi mzati maginito, choncho tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo kuti maginito encase, chitsulo ndi mbali ya maginito zotchinjiriza, ndi mwa refraction mbali ina ya mbale maginito, kupanga zina. mbali ya maginito kulimbitsa maginito, maginito amenewa pamodzi amadziwika kuti limodzi maginito kapena maginito. Palibe chinthu chonga chowonadi - maginito am'mbali.
Zinthu ntchito maginito limodzi mbali maginito zambiri Arc chitsulo pepala ndi Ndfeb wamphamvu maginito, mawonekedwe a mbali imodzi maginito ndFEB maginito amphamvu zambiri mawonekedwe ozungulira.
8. Kodi maginito ambali imodzi amagwiritsa ntchito chiyani?
(1) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m’makampani osindikizira mabuku. Pali maginito a mbali imodzi m'mabokosi amphatso, mabokosi a foni yam'manja, mabokosi a fodya ndi vinyo, mabokosi amafoni am'manja, mabokosi a MP3, mabokosi a keke ya mwezi ndi zinthu zina.
(2) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zachikopa. Matumba, zikwama, zikwama zapaulendo, zikwama zamafoni, zikwama ndi zinthu zina zachikopa zonse zili ndi maginito a mbali imodzi.
(3) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga zolemba. Maginito a mbali imodzi amapezeka m'mabuku, mabatani a bolodi loyera, mafoda, maginito nameplates ndi zina zotero.
9. Kodi tiyenera kulabadira chiyani ponyamula maginito?
Samalani ndi chinyezi chamkati, chomwe chiyenera kusungidwa pamalo owuma. Musapitirire kutentha kwa chipinda; Chotchinga chakuda kapena chopanda kanthu chosungiramo zinthucho chikhoza kuphimbidwa bwino ndi mafuta (mafuta onse); Zopangira ma electroplating ziyenera kukhala zotsekedwa ndi vacuum-zosindikizidwa kapena kusungirako kwa mpweya, kuti zitsimikizire kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa zokutira; Zopangira maginito ziyenera kuyamwa pamodzi ndikusungidwa m'mabokosi kuti zisayamwe zitsulo zina; Zopangira maginito ziyenera kusungidwa kutali ndi maginito disks, makhadi a maginito, matepi a maginito, zowunikira makompyuta, mawotchi ndi zinthu zina zovuta. Maginito magnetization boma ayenera kutetezedwa pa zoyendera, makamaka mayendedwe mpweya ayenera kutetezedwa kwathunthu.
10. Kodi kukwaniritsa kudzipatula maginito?
Zinthu zokhazokha zomwe zimatha kulumikizidwa ku maginito zimatha kuletsa mphamvu ya maginito, ndipo zinthu zokulirapo zimakhala zabwino.
11. Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayendetsa magetsi?
Soft maginito ferrite ndi wa maginito madutsidwe zakuthupi, makamaka mkulu permeability, mkulu resistivity, kawirikawiri ntchito pafupipafupi mkulu, makamaka ntchito kulankhulana pakompyuta. Monga makompyuta ndi ma TV omwe timakhudza tsiku ndi tsiku, pali mapulogalamu mwa iwo.
Ferrite yofewa makamaka imaphatikizapo manganese-zinki ndi faifi tambala-zinki ndi zina zotero. Manganese-zinki ferrite maginito ma conductivity ndi wamkulu kuposa fayilo-zinki ferrite.
Kodi kutentha kwa Curie kwa ferrite ya maginito okhazikika ndi chiyani?
Amanenedwa kuti kutentha kwa Curie kwa ferrite kumakhala pafupifupi 450℃, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kapena kofanana ndi 450℃. Kuuma kwake ndi pafupifupi 480-580. Kutentha kwa Curie kwa maginito a Ndfeb kumakhala pakati pa 350-370℃. Koma ntchito kutentha kwa Ndfeb maginito sangathe kufika kutentha Curie, kutentha ndi oposa 180-200℃ maginito katundu attenuated kwambiri, imfa maginito ndi lalikulu kwambiri, wataya ntchito mtengo.
13. Ndi magawo otani a maginito apakati?
Magnetic cores, makamaka ferrite, ali ndi miyeso yosiyanasiyana ya geometric. Kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zamapangidwe, kukula kwa pachimake kumawerengedwanso kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zokongoletsedwa. Magawo apakati omwe alipowa akuphatikiza magawo akuthupi monga njira yamaginito, malo ogwira ntchito komanso voliyumu yabwino.
14. N’chifukwa chiyani utali wa ngodya uli wofunika pokhotakhota?
Utali wozungulira ndi wofunikira chifukwa ngati m'mphepete mwa pachimake ndi chakuthwa kwambiri, mutha kuswa kutsekereza kwa waya panthawi yokhotakhota. Onetsetsani kuti m'mphepete mwapakati ndi osalala. Ma Ferrite cores ndi nkhungu zokhala ndi utali wozungulira wokhazikika, ndipo ma coreswa amapukutidwa ndikuchotsedwa kuti achepetse kuthwa kwa m'mphepete mwake. Kuphatikiza apo, ma cores ambiri amapakidwa utoto kapena kuphimbidwa osati kungopangitsa kuti ngodya zawo zidutse, komanso kuti mapindikidwe awo azikhala osalala. Pakatikati pa ufa amakhala ndi utali wolowera mbali imodzi ndi gawo lozungulira lozungulira mbali inayo. Kwa zipangizo za ferrite, chivundikiro chowonjezera cha m'mphepete chimaperekedwa.
15. Ndi mtundu wanji wa maginito omwe ali oyenera kupanga ma transfoma?
Kukwaniritsa zosowa za thiransifoma pachimake ayenera kukhala mkulu maginito kulowetsedwa mwamphamvu pa dzanja limodzi, Komano kusunga kutentha ake kukwera mu malire ena.
Pakuti inductance, pachimake maginito ayenera kukhala ena mpweya kusiyana kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi mlingo wina wa permeability pa nkhani ya mkulu DC kapena AC pagalimoto, ferrite ndi pachimake akhoza kukhala mpweya kusiyana mankhwala, pachimake ufa ali mpweya wake kusiyana.
16. Kodi ndi maginito otani omwe ali abwino kwambiri?
Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti palibe yankho ku vutoli, chifukwa kusankha kwa maginito pachimake kumatsimikiziridwa pamaziko a ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito, ndi zina, zosankha zilizonse zakuthupi ndi msika zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa, mwachitsanzo, zinthu zina zimatha kutsimikizira kukwera kwa kutentha kumakhala kochepa, koma mtengo ndi wokwera mtengo, kotero, posankha zinthu zotsutsana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, n'zotheka kusankha kukula kwakukulu koma zinthu zomwe zili ndi mtengo wotsika kuti mutsirize ntchitoyo, kotero kusankha kwa zipangizo zabwino kwambiri pazofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito. kwa inductor yanu yoyamba kapena thiransifoma, kuyambira pano, mafupipafupi ogwiritsira ntchito ndi mtengo wake ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri, monga kusankha koyenera kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana kumachokera kusinthasintha kwafupipafupi, kutentha ndi maginito osakanikirana.
17. Kodi anti-interference magnetic ring ndi chiyani?
Anti-kusokoneza maginito mphete imatchedwanso ferrite maginito mphete. Kuitana gwero odana kusokoneza maginito mphete, ndi kuti akhoza kuchita mbali ya odana kusokonezedwa, mwachitsanzo, zinthu zamagetsi, ndi chizindikiro kunja chisokonezo, kuwukira zinthu pakompyuta, zinthu zamagetsi analandira kunja kusokoneza chizindikiro kusokonezedwa, sizinachitike. amatha kuthamanga bwinobwino, ndi odana kusokoneza maginito mphete, basi akhoza kukhala ndi ntchito imeneyi, malinga ngati mankhwala ndi odana kusokoneza maginito mphete, zingalepheretse kunja chisokonezo chizindikiro mu mankhwala amagetsi, Iwo akhoza kupanga zinthu zamagetsi kuthamanga bwinobwino ndi sewerani anti-interference effect, choncho imatchedwa kuti anti-interference magnetic ring.
Anti-kusokoneza maginito mphete imadziwikanso kuti ferrite maginito mphete, chifukwa ferrite maginito mphete amapangidwa ndi chitsulo okusayidi, nickel okusayidi, nthaka okusayidi, mkuwa okusayidi ndi zinthu zina ferrite, chifukwa zipangizo zimenezi zili ndi zigawo ferrite, ndi ferrite zipangizo zopangidwa ndi mankhwala ngati mphete, kotero m'kupita kwa nthawi amatchedwa ferrite maginito mphete.
18. Kodi demagnetize pachimake maginito?
Njirayi ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira ya 60Hz pachimake kotero kuti kuyendetsa galimoto koyambirira kumakhala kokwanira kukhutitsa malekezero abwino ndi oipa, ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuyendetsa galimoto, kubwereza kangapo mpaka kutsika mpaka ziro. Ndipo izo zipangitsa izo kukhala ngati kubwerera ku chikhalidwe chake chapachiyambi.
Kodi magnetoelasticity (magnetostriction) ndi chiyani?
Maginito akapangidwa ndi maginito, kusintha pang'ono kwa geometry kudzachitika. Kusintha kwa kukula kumeneku kuyenera kukhala kolingana ndi magawo angapo pa miliyoni, omwe amatchedwa magnetostriction. Kwa ena ofunsira, monga akupanga majenereta, mwayi wa malowa amatengedwa kuti apeze makina mapindikidwe ndi maginito okondwa magnetostriction. Mwa zina, phokoso la mluzu limachitika pogwira ntchito momveka bwino. Choncho, zinthu zotsika maginito shrinkage zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamenepa.
20. Kodi kusagwirizana kwa maginito ndi chiyani?
Chodabwitsa ichi chimapezeka mu ferrites ndipo chimadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa permeability komwe kumachitika pamene pachimake ndi demagnetized. Demagnetization iyi imatha kuchitika ngati kutentha kwa ntchito kuli kopitilira kutentha kwa Curie point, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kugwedezeka kwaposachedwa kapena makina kumachepa pang'onopang'ono.
Mu chodabwitsa ichi, permeability choyamba kumawonjezeka kufika msinkhu wake wapachiyambi ndiyeno exponentially amachepetsa mofulumira. Ngati palibe mikhalidwe yapadera yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa ndi ntchito, kusintha kwa permeability kudzakhala kochepa, monga kusintha kwakukulu kudzachitika m'miyezi yotsatila kupanga. Kutentha kwambiri kumathandizira kuchepa uku kwa permeability. Maginito dissonance amabwerezedwa pambuyo aliyense bwino demagnetization choncho ndi osiyana ndi ukalamba.
Zinthu zambiri zimapangidwa ndi mamolekyu omwe amapangidwa ndi ma atomu omwe nawonso amapangidwa ndi ma nuclei ndi ma electron. Mkati mwa atomu, ma elekitironi amazungulira ndi kuzungulira phata, zomwe zimapanga maginito. Koma muzinthu zambiri, ma elekitironi amayenda m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo maginito amathetsa. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zambiri siziwonetsa maginito pansi pamikhalidwe yabwinobwino.
Mosiyana ndi zida za ferromagnetic monga chitsulo, cobalt, faifi tambala kapena ferrite, ma electron spins amkati amatha kufola m'malo ang'onoang'ono, ndikupanga dera lodzidzimutsa lamagetsi lotchedwa magnetic domain. Zida za ferromagnetic zikapangidwa ndi maginito, maginito ake amkati amalumikizana bwino komanso mbali imodzi, kulimbitsa maginito ndikupanga maginito. Njira ya magnetization ya maginito ndi njira ya magnetization yachitsulo. Chitsulo maginito ndi maginito zosiyanasiyana polarity kukopa, ndi chitsulo mwamphamvu "anamamatira" pamodzi ndi maginito.
2. Kodi maginito amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Pali magawo atatu a magwiridwe antchito kuti muwone momwe maginito amagwirira ntchito:
Remanent Br: Maginito okhazikika akapangidwa ndi maginito kuti achuluke komanso maginito akunja achotsedwa, Br yosungidwayo imatchedwa residual magnetic induction intensity.
Coercivity Hc: Kuchepetsa B wa maginito okhazikika opangidwa ndi maginito mpaka kuchulukira kwaukadaulo mpaka ziro, kulimba kwa maginito komwe kumafunikira kumatchedwa maginito coercivity, kapena kukakamiza mwachidule.
Mphamvu ya maginito BH: imayimira mphamvu yamaginito yomwe imakhazikitsidwa ndi maginito mumlengalenga (danga lomwe lili pakati pa mitengo iwiri ya maginito ya maginito), yomwe ndi mphamvu ya maginito pamlingo wa voliyumu ya mpweya.
3. Kodi m'magulu zitsulo maginito zipangizo?
Zida zamaginito zachitsulo zimagawidwa kukhala zida zokhazikika zamaginito ndi zida zofewa zamaginito. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi zokulirapo kuposa 0.8kA/m zimatchedwa zokhazikika maginito, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi zosakwana 0.8kA/m zimatchedwa zofewa maginito.
4. Kuyerekeza mphamvu ya maginito yamitundu ingapo ya maginito omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
Mphamvu ya maginito kuchokera kumagulu akulu mpaka ang'onoang'ono: maginito a Ndfeb, maginito a cobalt samarium, maginito a nickel cobalt, maginito a ferrite.
5. Kugonana valence fanizo la zipangizo zosiyanasiyana maginito?
Ferrite: magwiridwe antchito otsika ndi apakatikati, mtengo wotsika kwambiri, mawonekedwe abwino a kutentha, kukana kwa dzimbiri, chiŵerengero cha mtengo wabwino
Ndfeb: ntchito yapamwamba kwambiri, mtengo wapakatikati, mphamvu yabwino, yosagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi dzimbiri
Samarium cobalt: magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri, wosasunthika, mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a kutentha, kukana kwa dzimbiri
Aluminiyamu faifi tambala cobalt: ntchito otsika ndi sing'anga, mtengo wapakatikati, kwambiri kutentha makhalidwe, dzimbiri kukana, osauka kusokoneza kukana
Samarium cobalt, ferrite, Ndfeb zitha kupangidwa ndi sintering ndi njira yolumikizira. The sintering maginito katundu ndi mkulu, kupanga ndi osauka, ndi kugwirizana maginito ndi zabwino ndi ntchito yachepa kwambiri. AlNiCo ikhoza kupangidwa ndi kuponyera ndi njira za sintering, maginito oponyera ali ndi katundu wapamwamba komanso mawonekedwe abwino, ndi maginito a sintered ali ndi katundu wotsika komanso mawonekedwe abwino.
6. Makhalidwe a Ndfeb maginito
Ndfeb okhazikika maginito zakuthupi ndi okhazikika maginito zakuthupi zochokera intermetallic pawiri Nd2Fe14B. Ndfeb ali mkulu kwambiri maginito mphamvu mankhwala ndi mphamvu, ndi ubwino mkulu kachulukidwe mphamvu kupanga ndFEB okhazikika maginito chuma chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makampani amakono ndi luso lamagetsi, kuti zida, Motors electroacoustic, maginito kupatukana magnetization zida miniaturization, kulemera kuwala, woonda kukhala zotheka.
Zinthu zakuthupi: Ndfeb ali ndi ubwino wa ntchito mtengo mkulu, ndi makhalidwe abwino makina; Choyipa chake ndi chakuti kutentha kwa Curie ndikotsika, kutentha kumakhala kosauka, ndipo ndikosavuta kuwononga dzimbiri, choncho kuyenera kukonzedwa bwino posintha kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndikutengera chithandizo chapamtunda kuti chikwaniritse zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito.
Njira yopangira: Kupanga kwa Ndfeb pogwiritsa ntchito njira yazitsulo ya ufa.
Mayendedwe a ndondomeko: batching → kusungunula ingot → kupanga ufa → kukanikiza → sintering tempering → kuzindikira maginito → kugaya → kudula pini → electroplating → chotsirizidwa.
7. Kodi maginito ambali imodzi ndi chiyani?
Maginito ali mizati iwiri, koma ena ntchito udindo ayenera limodzi mzati maginito, choncho tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo kuti maginito encase, chitsulo ndi mbali ya maginito zotchinjiriza, ndi mwa refraction mbali ina ya mbale maginito, kupanga zina. mbali ya maginito kulimbitsa maginito, maginito amenewa pamodzi amadziwika kuti limodzi maginito kapena maginito. Palibe chinthu chonga chowonadi - maginito am'mbali.
Zinthu ntchito maginito limodzi mbali maginito zambiri Arc chitsulo pepala ndi Ndfeb wamphamvu maginito, mawonekedwe a mbali imodzi maginito ndFEB maginito amphamvu zambiri mawonekedwe ozungulira.
8. Kodi maginito ambali imodzi amagwiritsa ntchito chiyani?
(1) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m’makampani osindikizira mabuku. Pali maginito a mbali imodzi m'mabokosi amphatso, mabokosi a foni yam'manja, mabokosi a fodya ndi vinyo, mabokosi amafoni am'manja, mabokosi a MP3, mabokosi a keke ya mwezi ndi zinthu zina.
(2) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zachikopa. Matumba, zikwama, zikwama zapaulendo, zikwama zamafoni, zikwama ndi zinthu zina zachikopa zonse zili ndi maginito a mbali imodzi.
(3) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga zolemba. Maginito a mbali imodzi amapezeka m'mabuku, mabatani a bolodi loyera, mafoda, maginito nameplates ndi zina zotero.
9. Kodi tiyenera kulabadira chiyani ponyamula maginito?
Samalani ndi chinyezi chamkati, chomwe chiyenera kusungidwa pamalo owuma. Musapitirire kutentha kwa chipinda; Chotchinga chakuda kapena chopanda kanthu chosungiramo zinthucho chikhoza kuphimbidwa bwino ndi mafuta (mafuta onse); Zopangira ma electroplating ziyenera kukhala zotsekedwa ndi vacuum-zosindikizidwa kapena kusungirako kwa mpweya, kuti zitsimikizire kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa zokutira; Zopangira maginito ziyenera kuyamwa pamodzi ndikusungidwa m'mabokosi kuti zisayamwe zitsulo zina; Zopangira maginito ziyenera kusungidwa kutali ndi maginito disks, makhadi a maginito, matepi a maginito, zowunikira makompyuta, mawotchi ndi zinthu zina zovuta. Maginito magnetization boma ayenera kutetezedwa pa zoyendera, makamaka mayendedwe mpweya ayenera kutetezedwa kwathunthu.
10. Kodi kukwaniritsa kudzipatula maginito?
Zinthu zokhazokha zomwe zimatha kulumikizidwa ku maginito zimatha kuletsa mphamvu ya maginito, ndipo zinthu zokulirapo zimakhala zabwino.
11. Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayendetsa magetsi?
Soft maginito ferrite ndi wa maginito madutsidwe zakuthupi, makamaka mkulu permeability, mkulu resistivity, kawirikawiri ntchito pafupipafupi mkulu, makamaka ntchito kulankhulana pakompyuta. Monga makompyuta ndi ma TV omwe timakhudza tsiku ndi tsiku, pali mapulogalamu mwa iwo.
Ferrite yofewa makamaka imaphatikizapo manganese-zinki ndi faifi tambala-zinki ndi zina zotero. Manganese-zinki ferrite maginito ma conductivity ndi wamkulu kuposa fayilo-zinki ferrite.
Kodi kutentha kwa Curie kwa ferrite ya maginito okhazikika ndi chiyani?
Amanenedwa kuti kutentha kwa Curie kwa ferrite kumakhala pafupifupi 450℃, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kapena kofanana ndi 450℃. Kuuma kwake ndi pafupifupi 480-580. Kutentha kwa Curie kwa maginito a Ndfeb kumakhala pakati pa 350-370℃. Koma ntchito kutentha kwa Ndfeb maginito sangathe kufika kutentha Curie, kutentha ndi oposa 180-200℃ maginito katundu attenuated kwambiri, imfa maginito ndi lalikulu kwambiri, wataya ntchito mtengo.
13. Ndi magawo otani a maginito apakati?
Magnetic cores, makamaka ferrite, ali ndi miyeso yosiyanasiyana ya geometric. Kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zamapangidwe, kukula kwa pachimake kumawerengedwanso kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zokongoletsedwa. Magawo apakati omwe alipowa akuphatikiza magawo akuthupi monga njira yamaginito, malo ogwira ntchito komanso voliyumu yabwino.
14. N’chifukwa chiyani utali wa ngodya uli wofunika pokhotakhota?
Utali wozungulira ndi wofunikira chifukwa ngati m'mphepete mwa pachimake ndi chakuthwa kwambiri, mutha kuswa kutsekereza kwa waya panthawi yokhotakhota. Onetsetsani kuti m'mphepete mwapakati ndi osalala. Ma Ferrite cores ndi nkhungu zokhala ndi utali wozungulira wokhazikika, ndipo ma coreswa amapukutidwa ndikuchotsedwa kuti achepetse kuthwa kwa m'mphepete mwake. Kuphatikiza apo, ma cores ambiri amapakidwa utoto kapena kuphimbidwa osati kungopangitsa kuti ngodya zawo zidutse, komanso kuti mapindikidwe awo azikhala osalala. Pakatikati pa ufa amakhala ndi utali wolowera mbali imodzi ndi gawo lozungulira lozungulira mbali inayo. Kwa zipangizo za ferrite, chivundikiro chowonjezera cha m'mphepete chimaperekedwa.
15. Ndi mtundu wanji wa maginito omwe ali oyenera kupanga ma transfoma?
Kukwaniritsa zosowa za thiransifoma pachimake ayenera kukhala mkulu maginito kulowetsedwa mwamphamvu pa dzanja limodzi, Komano kusunga kutentha ake kukwera mu malire ena.
Pakuti inductance, pachimake maginito ayenera kukhala ena mpweya kusiyana kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi mlingo wina wa permeability pa nkhani ya mkulu DC kapena AC pagalimoto, ferrite ndi pachimake akhoza kukhala mpweya kusiyana mankhwala, pachimake ufa ali mpweya wake kusiyana.
16. Kodi ndi maginito otani omwe ali abwino kwambiri?
Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti palibe yankho ku vutoli, chifukwa kusankha kwa maginito pachimake kumatsimikiziridwa pamaziko a ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito, ndi zina, zosankha zilizonse zakuthupi ndi msika zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa, mwachitsanzo, zinthu zina zimatha kutsimikizira kukwera kwa kutentha kumakhala kochepa, koma mtengo ndi wokwera mtengo, kotero, posankha zinthu zotsutsana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, n'zotheka kusankha kukula kwakukulu koma zinthu zomwe zili ndi mtengo wotsika kuti mutsirize ntchitoyo, kotero kusankha kwa zipangizo zabwino kwambiri pazofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito. kwa inductor yanu yoyamba kapena thiransifoma, kuyambira pano, mafupipafupi ogwiritsira ntchito ndi mtengo wake ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri, monga kusankha koyenera kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana kumachokera kusinthasintha kwafupipafupi, kutentha ndi maginito osakanikirana.
17. Kodi anti-interference magnetic ring ndi chiyani?
Anti-kusokoneza maginito mphete imatchedwanso ferrite maginito mphete. Kuitana gwero odana kusokoneza maginito mphete, ndi kuti akhoza kuchita mbali ya odana kusokonezedwa, mwachitsanzo, zinthu zamagetsi, ndi chizindikiro kunja chisokonezo, kuwukira zinthu pakompyuta, zinthu zamagetsi analandira kunja kusokoneza chizindikiro kusokonezedwa, sizinachitike. amatha kuthamanga bwinobwino, ndi odana kusokoneza maginito mphete, basi akhoza kukhala ndi ntchito imeneyi, malinga ngati mankhwala ndi odana kusokoneza maginito mphete, zingalepheretse kunja chisokonezo chizindikiro mu mankhwala amagetsi, Iwo akhoza kupanga zinthu zamagetsi kuthamanga bwinobwino ndi sewerani anti-interference effect, choncho imatchedwa kuti anti-interference magnetic ring.
Anti-kusokoneza maginito mphete imadziwikanso kuti ferrite maginito mphete, chifukwa ferrite maginito mphete amapangidwa ndi chitsulo okusayidi, nickel okusayidi, nthaka okusayidi, mkuwa okusayidi ndi zinthu zina ferrite, chifukwa zipangizo zimenezi zili ndi zigawo ferrite, ndi ferrite zipangizo zopangidwa ndi mankhwala ngati mphete, kotero m'kupita kwa nthawi amatchedwa ferrite maginito mphete.
18. Kodi demagnetize pachimake maginito?
Njirayi ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira ya 60Hz pachimake kotero kuti kuyendetsa galimoto koyambirira kumakhala kokwanira kukhutitsa malekezero abwino ndi oipa, ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuyendetsa galimoto, kubwereza kangapo mpaka kutsika mpaka ziro. Ndipo izo zipangitsa izo kukhala ngati kubwerera ku chikhalidwe chake chapachiyambi.
Kodi magnetoelasticity (magnetostriction) ndi chiyani?
Maginito akapangidwa ndi maginito, kusintha pang'ono kwa geometry kudzachitika. Kusintha kwa kukula kumeneku kuyenera kukhala kolingana ndi magawo angapo pa miliyoni, omwe amatchedwa magnetostriction. Kwa ena ofunsira, monga akupanga majenereta, mwayi wa malowa amatengedwa kuti apeze makina mapindikidwe ndi maginito okondwa magnetostriction. Mwa zina, phokoso la mluzu limachitika pogwira ntchito momveka bwino. Choncho, zinthu zotsika maginito shrinkage zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamenepa.
20. Kodi kusagwirizana kwa maginito ndi chiyani?
Chodabwitsa ichi chimapezeka mu ferrites ndipo chimadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa permeability komwe kumachitika pamene pachimake ndi demagnetized. Demagnetization iyi imatha kuchitika ngati kutentha kwa ntchito kuli kopitilira kutentha kwa Curie point, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kugwedezeka kwaposachedwa kapena makina kumachepa pang'onopang'ono.
Mu chodabwitsa ichi, permeability choyamba kumawonjezeka kufika msinkhu wake wapachiyambi ndiyeno exponentially amachepetsa mofulumira. Ngati palibe mikhalidwe yapadera yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa ndi ntchito, kusintha kwa permeability kudzakhala kochepa, monga kusintha kwakukulu kudzachitika m'miyezi yotsatila kupanga. Kutentha kwambiri kumathandizira kuchepa uku kwa permeability. Maginito dissonance amabwerezedwa pambuyo aliyense bwino demagnetization choncho ndi osiyana ndi ukalamba.
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