Kusintha kwa Maginito Osafuna Magalimoto

Galimoto yosiyanitsidwa yosinthika ndi mtundu wapadera wa mota yomwe rotor yake imakhala ndi mapeyala angapo, mtengo uliwonse wokhala ndi maginito komanso kukana. Ma motors osinthitsa osinthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira ma torque apamwamba komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri, monga magalimoto amagetsi ndi ma drive aku mafakitale.

In a switched reluctance motor, the magnets are usually permanent magnets and are used to create a permanent magnetic field. Magneto-resistors are made of magnetic materials that are controlled by electric current to adjust the strength and direction of the magnetic field. When current passes through a reluctance, the magnetism of the reluctance increases, creating a strong magnetic field that attracts the magnet to the reluctance adjacent to it. This process causes the rotor to spin, which drives the motor.

Maginito amagwira ntchito popanga mphamvu ya maginito yokhazikika mu injini yosinthira, ndipo kusafuna kumasintha mphamvu ndi momwe maginito amagwirira ntchito.

Mfundo yoyambira yogwiritsira ntchito makina osinthika osafuna

Galimoto yamagetsi yosinthira (Switched Reluctance Motor, SRM) yagalimoto yamagetsi imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta. Stator imatenga mawonekedwe opindika, pomwe rotor ilibe mafunde. Kapangidwe ka injini yosinthira kukana ndi injini yolowera ndi yofanana pang'ono, ndipo onse amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito yokoka (Max-well force) pakati pa media osiyanasiyana mothandizidwa ndi maginito kuti apange torque yamagetsi.

The stator ndi rotor ya switched relucance motor amapangidwa ndi silicon sheet laminations ndi kutengera salient pole kapangidwe. Mitengo ya stator ndi rotor ya injini yosinthira kukana ndizosiyana, ndipo stator ndi rotor zimakhala ndi cogging yaying'ono. Rotor imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chachitsulo chapamwamba cha maginito popanda ma coil. Nthawi zambiri, rotor ili ndi mitengo iwiri yocheperako kuposa stator. Pali mitundu yambiri ya stators ndi rotor, zomwe zimafanana ndi mapangidwe a stators asanu ndi limodzi ndi ma rotor anayi (6/4) ndi mapangidwe a stators asanu ndi atatu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (8/6).

Makina osinthira kukana ndi mtundu wamagalimoto owongolera liwiro opangidwa pambuyo pa DC mota ndi brushless DC mota (BLDC). Mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimachokera ku ma watts angapo mpaka mazana a kw, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zapakhomo, ndege, ndege, zamagetsi, makina ndi magalimoto amagetsi.

Imatsatira mfundo yakuti maginito othamanga nthawi zonse amakhala otsekedwa m'njira ndi mphamvu ya maginito, ndipo imapanga mphamvu yokoka ya maginito kuti ipange torque-reluctance electromagnetic torque. Choncho, mfundo yake structural ndi kuti kunyinyirika kwa dera maginito ayenera kusintha mmene n'kotheka pamene rotor atembenuza, kotero anazimitsa kukanikira galimoto utenga awiri salient mzati dongosolo, ndi chiwerengero cha mitengo ya stator ndi rotor ndi osiyana.

Dongosolo losinthika losinthika ndi chosinthira, chomwe chimapanga gawo lalikulu lamagetsi limodzi ndi magetsi ndi mafunde agalimoto. Chojambulira malo ndi gawo lofunikira la injini yosinthira kukana. Imazindikira malo a rotor mu nthawi yeniyeni ndikuwongolera ntchito yosinthira mwadongosolo komanso moyenera.

Galimoto ili ndi torque yayikulu yoyambira, yoyambira pang'ono, kachulukidwe kamphamvu kwambiri komanso chiwopsezo cha torque inertia, kuyankha mwachangu, kuthamanga kwambiri pama liwiro ambiri, ndipo imatha kuzindikira kuwongolera kwama quadrant anayi. Makhalidwewa amapangitsa mota yosinthika kukhala yabwino kwambiri kuti igwire ntchito pamagalimoto amagetsi osiyanasiyana, ndipo ndi chitsanzo chomwe chili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu pakati pa ma mota amagetsi. Makina osinthira osunthika amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamaginito zokhazikika zokhazikika pamagalimoto osinthika, omwe ndikusintha kwamphamvu pamapangidwe agalimoto. Galimotoyo imagonjetsa zofooka zakuyenda pang'onopang'ono komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa m'ma SRM achikhalidwe, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi. Galimoto ili ndi torque yayikulu, yomwe imapindulitsa kwambiri pamagalimoto amagetsi.